Machine tool numerical control transforms overview

1, numerical control (NC) level (1952 ～ 1970) the operation rate of inchoate computer of 　 of 　 of 　 　 　 is low, return to the scientific computation at that time and data processing influence not quite, but cannot get used to a machine tool requirement of real time pilot. People must use digital logic circuit " build " into a machine tool special computer regards numerical control as the system, numerical control of join of the hardware that be called (HARD-WIREDNC) , abbreviation amount to accuses (NC) . As yuan the development of parts of an apparatus, classics of this phase one by one 3 generation, namely the generation 1952 -- valve; The 2nd generation 1959 -- transistor; The 3rd generation 1965 -- miniature integrated circuit. 1.

2, computerized numerical control (CNC) level (1970 ～ now) 　 of 　 of 　 　 　 arrives 1970, general and small-sized computer industry already appeared and produce group by group. it then transplanting comes over to regard the core of numerical control system as the component, entered computerized numerical control from now on (CNC) level (the computer in front due " general " two words omited) . To 1971, the first time on alive group of American INTEL company two the computer most the component of core -- arithmetic unit and controller, use technology of circuit of large scale integration compositive go up in a chip, say for microprocessor (MICROPROCESSOR) , can call central processing unit again (abbreviation CPU) . To 1974 microprocessor is applied at numerical control system. Because small-sized computer function is too strong,this is, control ability of a machine tool to have rich (reason ever was used at controlling much stage machine tool at that time, say for group control) , be inferior to introducing microprocessor economy reasonable. And the small-sized machine dependability at that time is not ideal also. Although inchoate microprocessor speed and function are not quite tall still, but can connect overmuch processor structure to solve. Because microprocessor is the core component of the general purpose computer, reason still calls computerized numerical control. Arrived 1990, PC (PC, domestic habit weighs personal computer) performance already developed very high level, can satisfy the requirement that regards core of numerical control system as the component. Numerical control system entered the phase that is based on PC from now on. Anyhow, phase of computerized numerical control also experienced 3 generation. Namely the 4th generation 1970 -- small-sized computer; The the Five Dynasties 1974 -- microprocessor and the 6th generation 1990 -- be based on PC (abroad calls PC, BaseD) . What point out even is, although abroad changes already,call computerized numerical control (namely CNC) , and our country still is used to weigh numerical control (NC) . So we tell daily " numerical control " , already was to point to essentially " computerized numerical control " . 1.

3, the 　 of trend 　 　 that numerical control future develops 1.

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The 1 open sex that continues to develop 　 of 　 　 　 to be based on PC place to have to the open mode, the 6th acting direction that is based on PC, low cost, high reliability, soft hardware is resourceful wait for a characteristic, more numerical control systems produce manufacturer to be able to be on this road. Use a PC to serve as its front machine at least, will handle the issue such as communication of net of man-machine interface, process designing, couplet, assume the job of numerical control by original system. PC place provides some friendly man-machine interfaces, will popularize all numerical control systems. Long-range communication, be diagnosed remotely and maintenance will be more general. The Japan, European Union and United States CNC that is aimed at open mode, having the research of around table level. 1.

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2 be changed to high speed and high accuracy changes 　 of 　 of development 　 　 this is the need that gets used to a machine tool to develop to high speed and high accuracy direction. 1.

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3 change direction to be permeated of the domain ceaselessly in the computer and develop as artificial intelligence to intelligence, the intelligence of numerical control system changes degree to will rise ceaselessly. (1) apply from system of numerical control of 　 of 　 of 　 of 　 of adaptive control technology to be able to detect a few important information in the process, and the concerned parameter of self-correcting system, achieve the goal that improves a system to run state. (2) introduce expert system to coach 　 of 　 of treatment 　 　 mixes specialized worker the expert's experience, the common law of treatment and special rule stock a system in, it is with craft parameter database prop up, build the expert system that has artificial intelligence. (3) introduce 　 of 　 of 　 of 　 of 　 of breakdown diagnostician system (4) it is OK that intelligence changes 　 of 　 of 　 of 　 of digital servo actuating device through identifying load automatically, and self-correcting parameter, make drive system obtains first-rate to move. 2, machine tool numerical control changes 　 of transformed necessity 　 　 2.

1, microcosmic see 　 of transformed 　 of necessity 　 　 from microcosmic on look, numerical control machine tool has the advantage that highlights below than traditional machine tool, and the might of the computer that these advantage all come from place of numerical control system to include. 2.

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The complex part such as the 1 curve that can machine a treatment of traditional machine tool not to come out, curved surface. Because the computer has excellent operation capacity, can instantaneous is calculated well and truly the athletic amount that gives instantaneous of every reference axis to should move, because this is OK and compound,become complex curve or curved surface. 2.

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The 2 automation that can implement treatment, and it is flexible automation, thereby efficiency can raise 3 ～ than traditional machine tool 7 times. Because the computer has memory and storage capacity, can remember the course of the input coming down with memory, the order that sets by the program next is carried out automatically, implement automation thereby. Numerical control machine tool should change only a program, with respect to the automation that can implement another workpiece to machine, make thereby odd with pre production be able to automation, reason was called to come true " flexible automation " . 2.

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The precision of 3 treatment spare parts is tall, dimension is spent dispersedly small, it is easy to make assemble, need no longer " make repairs and supply replacements " . 2.

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The 4 concentration that can implement multitask order, reduce a hardware between the machine tool carry often. 2.

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5 have call the police automatically, a variety of self-discipline functions such as automatic monitoring, automatic compensation, can come true consequently long unmanned guard treatment. 2.

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6 by above the advantage of 5 derive. Be like: Reduced labor intensity of the worker, saved able-bodied person (a person can attend to much stage machine tool) , reduced tool, shortened cycle of new product trial-produce and production are periodic, can make quick response wait a moment to market demand. Above forefathers imagination is less than these advantage, it is an earthshaking breakthrough. In addition, machine tool numerical control is changed or carry out FMC (flexible production unit) , FMS (flexible production system) and CIMS (CIMS) the foundation that waits for enterprise informatization to transform. Numerical control technology has made the core technology of manufacturing industry automation and fundamental technology. 2.

2, macroscopical see 　 of transformed 　 of necessity 　 　 from macroscopical on look, of industrial developed country army, civilian machinist job, in 70 time end, 80 time machine tool of large-scale application numerical control already began first. Its are constitutionally, use IT to be opposite traditional industry (include army, civilian machinist job) undertake technical reformation. Divide outside numerical control machine tool, FMC, FMS is being used in making a process, in still including to be developed in the product, carry out CAD, CAE, CAM, fictitious make and MIS is carried out in manufacturing management (management information system) , CIMS is waited a moment. And IT increases in the product that produces in its, the content that includes artificial intelligence to wait. Because use IT to be opposite foreign army, civilian machinist job undertakes be transforminged deep (say for informatization) , make finally their product is in international army is tasted and civilian the competition ability on tasted market increases greatly. And we transform traditional industry respect to lag behind 20 years about than the developed country in IT. In having an amount like our country machine tool, the proportion of numerical control machine tool (numerical control is changed rate) have 1 only to 1995.

9 ％ , and Japan already was amounted to 1994 20.

8 ％ , because this has import of many mechanical and electrical products every year. This also from macroscopical on explained machine tool numerical control changes transformed necessity. 3, machine tool and product line numerical control change 　 of transformed market 　 　 3.

1, machine tool numerical control turns transformed market our country at present machine tool gross more than 380, and among them gross of numerical control machine tool has 11 only.

340 thousand, namely numerical control of our country machine tool is changed do not lead 3 ％ . Come nearly 10 years, machine tool of our country numerical control produces per year a quantity to be about 0.

6 ～ 0.

80 thousand, annual produce is 1.8 billion yuan about. Numerical control changes year of yield of the machine tool rate for 6 ％ . Enlistment age of our country machine tool of 10 years of above occupy 60 ％ above; In 10 years of the following machine tools, automatic / semi-automatic machine tool is less than 20 ％ , the automation product line such as FMC/FMS more can be counted on one's fingers (the United States and Japan occupy 60 ％ above automatically with semi-automatic machine tool) . Equipment of the production of the most production trade that sees us and enterprise, treatment counts the machine tool that is a tradition greatly absolutely, and above of half the number is enlistment age the old machine tool in 10 years of above. The product that with this kind equipment treatment comes out exists generally quality difference, breed little, class low, cost is high, offer goods period to grow, lack competition ability on international, home market thereby, affect the product of an enterprise, market, beneficial result directly, affect a business live and develop. The numerical control that must improve a machine tool energetically so is changed rate. Forecast according to the expert, to 2001, expenditure of machine tool of our country numerical control can be amounted to 240.

200 million yuan. These demands are satisfied on one hand through purchasing new facility, on the other hand, if make full use of the existing asset putting an amount of our country, be replaced with the equipment after be being transformed newlier and decrease purchase new facility, can have the effect of get twice the result with half the effort. With 240.

200 million yuan demand estimates, although the demand of 10 ％ passes the second birth of equipment to transform,will come true, also have 2.4 billion yuan market every year. 3.

2, the numerical control that imports equipment and product line is changed transform market our country since reforming and opening, a lot of enterprises introduce technology, equipment and product line to undertake technical reformation from abroad. According to not complete count, from 1979 ～ 1988 10 years, the whole nation introduces technical reformation project to have 18446, about 165.

800 million dollar. In these projects, major project produced due effect for the economic construction of our country. But as a result of,some introduces an item a variety of reasons, equipment or product line cannot run normally, break down even, make the benefit of the enterprise is affected, make badly business get into trouble. After a few equipment, product line is introduced from abroad, some assimilation absorb bad, spare parts is not complete, safeguard undeserved, movement is undesirable as a result; Imported equipment, instrument, product line notes only when some introducing, negligence software, craft, management, cause a project not complete, equipment latent capacity cannot be developed; Some cannot be started even move, did not produce due effect; The product sale of some product line is very good, but because equipment malfunction cannot be amounted to,produce amount to mark; Some because specific power consumption percent of pass of tall, product is low and cause loss; Some already was introduced longer, need undertakes the technology is updated. A variety of reasons make some equipment did not create wealth not only, spending money instead. The device that these cannot use, product line is a package, also be a batch of very big capital fund that put an amount, fostering cordial relations between states is fortune. Want to find out main technical difficult point only, solve crucial technology problem, OK the smallest invest the capital fund putting an amount with dish of the biggest work, strive for the biggest economic benefits and social benefit. This also is a huge transforms the market. 4, numerical control changes transformed content and actor to be short of 　 　 　 4.

1, what abroad transforms line of business is arisen be in depression in the developed country machine tool industry such as the United States, Japan and Germany today, their machine tool is transformed is to serve as new economy to increase a trade however, the business is abundant, at golden age. As a result of the ceaseless progress of machine tool and technology, the machine tool is transformed is " lasting " task. The machine tool of our country transforms line of business, also enter the new industry that gives priority to with numerical control technology from old industry. Be in the United States, Japan, Germany, have broad market with machine tool of numerical control technical reformation and product line, already formed the new industry that machine tool and product line numerical control transform. Be in the United States, the machine tool transforms course of study to call machine tool second birth (Remanufacturing) course of study. The well-known company that pursues second birth trade has: Company of Bertsche engineering company, Ayton machine tool, Devlieg-Bullavd (get treasure) company of equipment of service group, US. The United States gets treasure company to already was in Chinese open company. Be in Japan, the machine tool transforms course of study to call a machine tool to change one's costume or dress (Retrofitting) course of study. Be engaged in changing one's costume or dress the well-known company of course of study has: Group of big engineering rivering bend, hillock is company of aircraft of work of 3 mechanical companies, 1000 acting field, wild Qi engineering company, bank cropland engineering company, hill this engineering company. 4.

2, the numerical control that numerical control turns transformed content machine tool and product line changes transform main content to have the following: It is to restore primary function firstly, the breakdown part that exists to machine tool, product line undertakes diagnose and resumptive; It is NC is changed secondly, on general accuracy machine tool addend shows plant, or addend controls a system, transform NC machine tool, CNC machine tool; It is face-lifting thirdly, to raise precision, efficiency and automation rate, undertake face-lifting to mechanical, electric part, assemble treatment afresh to mechanical part, restore former precision; The CNC system that not contented to its production asks undertakes updating with newest CNC; Its 4 it is the technology is updated or the technology innovates, to increase function or class, or to use new technology, new technology, in original basis the technology with aspirant more extensive travel is updated or the technology innovates, relatively what increase level and class substantially is newer transform. 4.

3, numerical control changes transformed actor to be short of 　 　 　 4.

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1 reduce investment, date of delivery short purchase photograph of new machine tool to compare together, can save 60 ％ ～ commonly the charge of 80 ％ , transform expense low. Especially large, special machine tool especially apparent. General and large machine tool is transformed, only beautiful new machine tool purchases the 1/3 of charge, date of delivery is short. But a little special situation, if high speed main shaft, tray hands in those who trade unit automatically to make,take a lot of work too with installation, costly, often transform cost to raise 2 ～ 3 times, with purchase photograph of new machine tool to compare, can save investment only 50 ％ left and right sides. 4.

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2 mechanical function are stable and reliable, the structure accepts the base such as the lathe bed that is restricted to use, pillar it is heavy and solid cast component part, is not the sort of soldering component part, the machine tool function after transforming tall, quality is good, can continue to use as new facility old. But get the limitation of rigid before structure, unfavorable do transform revolutionarily. 4.

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When maintenance of equipment of 3 familiar understanding, facilitating operation buys new facility, do not understand new facility to whether can satisfy its to machine a requirement. Transform criterion otherwise, accurately computation gives the process capability of the machine tool; Additional, because be used for years, handlers understands the character of the machine tool already, be used in the operation and maintain a respect to groom time is short, get effective fast. Transformed machine tool has been installed, can realize full load movement. 4.

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4 can make full use of existing condition can make full use of existing foundation, when need not resembling purchasing new facility, need to build foundation afresh in that way. 4.

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The 5 development rate that can use newest control technology to be able to be innovated according to the technology, improve the automation standard that produces equipment and efficiency in time, increase equipment quality and class, will old machine tool changes the machine tool of current level. 5, the system of numerical control of choice 　 　 of numerical control system basically has 3 sort model, when transforming, answer to undertake choosing according to particular case. 5.

1, the pace pulls the 　 of 　 of open loop system that move into electric machinery the servo actuating device of this system basically is a pace enter into pace of electric machinery, power electric machinery, electro-hydraulic pulse motor. By pulse of instruction of feed of missive of numerical control system, after via drive circuit control and power magnify, make the pace turns into electric machinery, through gear deputy as deputy as ball guide screw drive implements a part. The amount that should control instruction pulse only, frequency and electrify are ordinal, controallable the displacement quantity that executive component moves, speed and athletic way. The actual place that this kind of system does not need to measure place and speed feedback to input end, friend says for open loop system, the displacement precision of this system basically enters the angular displacement precision of electric machinery on the pace definitely, the pitch precision of the transmission component such as gear guide screw, displacement precision of the system is so inferior. This construction of system is simple, debug maintenance to go to the lavatory, the job is reliable, cost is low, easy change one's costume or dress successful. 5.

2, asynchronous electromotor or dc machine procrastinate move, the 　 of 　 of system of closed circuit numerical control that grating measures feedback the distinction of this system and open loop system is: Detect by the position such as synchronized of grating, induction the signal of real position feedback that device measures, undertake comparative with set-point at any time, will both difference is worth enlarge and commutation, drive actuator, with given rate moves towards the way that removes deviation, be equal to till the poor value of the actual seat that gives the position and feedback 0 till. System of closed circuit feed is more complex than system of open loop feed on the structure, cost is high also, to environmental room temperature the requirement fathers. Design and be being debugged is more difficult than open loop system. But can obtain taller than system of open loop feed precision, rapidder rate, the characteristic index with drive greater power. Can ask according to product technology, whether does the decision use this kind of system. 5.

3, hand in / dc servo electric machinery procrastinates move, detecting element of system of half closed circuit installs the 　 of 　 of system of numerical control of half closed circuit that coder feedbacks inter drive on, indirect measurement carries out the position of the component. It can compensate the error of component of part of interior of systematic annulus road only, accordingly, its precision is lower than the precision of closed circuit system, but its structure and debug relatively closed circuit system is simple. In mix angular displacement detecting element and speed detecting element consummate of servo electric machinery need not consider the position to detect when a whole the installation problem of device. The company manufacturer that produces numerical control system currently is more, of foreign well-known company be like German SIEMENS company, Japanese FANUC company; Domestic company if company of group of system of numerical control of machine tool of spaceflight of company of Chinese Mount Everest, Beijing, China in numerical control company and Shenyang are high-grade research center of project of numerical control country. The requirement of the power that electric machinery of all sorts of precision that the machine tool after be being transformed according to numerical control should achieve, drive basically is when selecting numerical control system and user. 6, numerical control is transformed in main and mechanical component changes his costume or dress discuss 　 of 　 　 　 a new numerical control machine tool, want to achieve on the design: Have tall static dynamic stiffness; The coefficient of friction between kinematic pair is small, transmission does not have clearance; Power is great; Facilitating operation and maintenance. Afore-mentioned requirements should be achieved as far as possible when machine tool numerical control is transformed. Cannot think numerical control device and general accuracy machine tool join was together to achieve the requirement of numerical control machine tool, still answer main part to undertake proper design asks be transforminged accordingly making its are achieved, ability obtains anticipated transforming purpose. 6.

1, logarithm of 　 of sliding slideway deputy 　 accuses lathe for, slideway is divided should have common lathe outside oriented precision and craft sex, have even be able to bear or endure goodly attrition, wear away characteristic, reduce because of attrition obstruction deadly area. Want to have enough stiffness at the same time, be out of shape in order to reduce guide the influence to machining precision, should have reasonable slideway defends and lubricate. 6.

2, the gear of common machine tool of 　 of gear deputy 　 basically is centrally in main shaft box and gear-box. To assure transmission precision, the gear accuracy class that uses on numerical control machine tool is higher than general accuracy machine tool. Want to be able to achieve unoccupied place drive of very close to each other on the structure, when be being transformed consequently, main gear must satisfy the machine tool the requirement of numerical control machine tool, in order to make sure the machine tool machines precision. 6.

3, slip guide screw and drive of guide screw of 　 of 　 of ball guide screw matter to transmission catenary precision directly. Of guide screw choose basically depend on the precision that adds workpiece asks and procrastinate move torque to ask. The workpiece that be added can use slip guide screw when precision demand is not high, but should inspect wear out condition of former guide screw, if pitch error reachs error of pitch accumulative total and suitable nut clearance. General situation is slip guide screw should not under 6 class, nut clearance changes greatly too nut. Use slip guide screw value of opposite ball guide screw is inferior, but satisfy the spare parts treatment with taller precision hard. Loss of attrition of ball guide screw is small, efficiency is tall, its drive efficiency can be in 90% above; Precision is tall, life is long; The moment of force when the moment of force that start and motion is conterminous close, can reduce electric machinery to start moment of force. Because this can be satisfied relatively high accuracy spare parts machines a requirement. 6.

4, safety defends 　 　 effect must be premise with safety. In the machine tool corresponding step should be taken according to actual condition in transforming, must not ignore. Ball guide screw deputy it is nice element, dirt should be taken strict precautions against to cut bits and hard arenaceous bead to enter raceway especially when the job. Also can add shield of integral iron plate on fore-and-aft guide screw. Procrastinate greatly board the two end panel that contact with sliding slideway want sealed good, the eyewinker that prevents horniness grain condition absolutely enters slip face to injure slideway. 7, machine tool numerical control transforms 　 of 　 of main measure 　 7.

1, after the transforms certainly feasibility analysis that transforms program is passed, show with respect to what can be aimed at stage or some a few some machine tools besides transform program certainly, include commonly: 7.

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1 machinery is repaired with electric transform 　 of photograph union 　 generally speaking, need to undertake electric transformed machine tool, need to undertake machinery is repaired. Want to determine repaired requirement, limits, content; Because of,also should decide electric the requirement that transform and needs to undertake rigid structure is transformed, content; Even affirmatory and electric transform repair with machinery, transform the crisscross time requirement between. Of mechanical function in good condition it is electric the base that transforms a success. 7.

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2 first easy hind difficult, first local hind when global 　 　 transforms measure certainly, should transform whole and electric part divide into a certain number of stature systems to undertake first, exactly the amount controls a system, measure control of system of system, main shaft, feed, face plate and strong report part to wait, after waiting for each system to shape basically again interconnection finishs whole system to work. Can make transform the job to decrease so omit and accident. In every subsystem job, should do first technical inferior, the job with bigger workload, do next technical tall, the work with careful requirement, make the person's attention can center crucial place. 7.

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System of use condition selection is aimed at 3 basises stage or some a few some machine tools, decide its environment, temperature, humidity, dirt, power source, light, have even deny rat to feel substandard group use condition, of electrical system of this pair of selections defend function, interference rejection function, can wait from filterability of cool performance, air can provide correct basis, the electrical system after making transform had reliable use to assure. Of course, the choice of electrical system must consider mature product, performance is reasonable, economic, have spare parts and maintenance support, the function is contented and current and a certain number of development inside year will ask to wait henceforth. 7.

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4 fulfil participate in transforming personnel and responsibility 　 　 is project of a system, it is very important that personnel is deployed. Besides the quality condition of personnel, according to the size of the project, decide number and division of labor are crucial reasonably. Personnel is gone against too less begin the work, personnel is too much cause a disorder easily also. According to each subsystem that differentiate, fix personnel responsibility, have advocate have second, facilitating organization and harmonious. If the project is used,combine shaped form external, more below the premise that needs to be made clear in the target, limit division of labor, certain technology coordinates a person. 7.

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Electrical system of machine tool of the 5 numerical control when transforming limits and periodic affirmatory 　 　 to have is transformed, do not include this machine tool certainly whole electrical system, answer to decide according to determine scientificly and be being analysed its transform limits. Stop machine transformed cycle, the actual condition according to each enterprise is affirmatory, consideration element has level of technology of manufacturing intensity pitch, staff, preparation to work size of sufficient level, new system and complex degree, still include weather situation to wait even. Crave for greatness and success of avoid by all means, be eager to hope for success, hurried go into battle, but also want reasonable arrangement, prevent dilatory. 7.

2, the technology before transformed technology prepares to transform prepares to fill dispenses to deny, deciding to transform greatly whether gain a success. The technology prepares to include: 7.

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　 of 　 of preparation of 1 mechanical part is cooperate electric the measurement that the mechanical overhaul that transform and needs to undertake transforms, computation, design, plot, spare parts is made etc should in advance is finished. Need to tear open to stopping machine hind at the same time, change, the ministry classify of treatment should plan to end beforehand, put forward to make clear a requirement, with whole transform the job to join proper. 7.

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New system of 　 of electric data digestive 　 has 2 new systems a lot of new functions, new requirement, new technology, be familiar with technical data because of before this is transformed, answering, include attempt of systematic principle specification, line, PLC echelon graph and text, installation to debug specification, use manual, process designing manual to wait. Should abundant time undertakes an interpreter to afore-mentioned data (import system) , digest, arrange, check, accomplish clarity of train of thought, distinct. 7.

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The changeover of interface of 3 new old systems designs 　 　 to transform limits to differ according to every equipment, need to design interface part changeover beforehand, be like what transform entirely, should design Electromechanical to change position of measurement point of contact of part of control of face plate of interface, operation and configuration, interconnection, parameter, maintenance to wait, ask operation and maintenance are convenient, reasonable, circuit trend is clear and coherent, medium small join place is little, interference of strong weak report is the smallest, stock makes rich appropriately the quantity. Local transform, the property that still needs to consider new old system matchs, changeover of position of voltage polarity and size commutation, installation, digital-to-analogue, need to make changeover interface by oneself when necessary. 7.

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The technology of personnel of 4 operations, process designing grooms after electrical system of 　 　 machine tool is transformed, bring new requirement to personnel of operation, process designing necessarily. It is very important to because this shifts to an earlier date to have new system knowledge to operating personnel and process designing personnel,groom, the machine tool after transforming the influence otherwise throws production quickly. Groom content should include implication of configuration of new operation face plate, function, directive commonly; The functional limits of new system, use method reachs the difference with old system; Requirement of care and maintenance; Process designing standard and automation process designing are waited a moment. The key is to do understand, comprehend operation manual and process designing manual. 7.

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5 after debugging measure and the affirmatory 　 　 is new electrical system that check and accept a standard to be transformed, how to undertake debugging and check and accept a standard reasonably certainly, also be technical preparation work is important one annulus. Debug the job to involve mechanical, hydraulic pressure, electric, control, pass feeling, because this must be undertaken by project controller, other personnel cooperates. Debug measure to be able to conform to the principle of simplicity numerous, arrive as a child big, from outside to in undertake, also but first local hind overall situation, the system is rectified to undertake after subsystem first. Checking and accept a standard is the assessment of pair of new systems, when making must be practical and realistic, exorbitant or too low level is met negative to transforming the job to arise effect. Once the standard comes down certainly, cannot revise easily, because of it drag in arrives whole each link that transform the job. 7.

3, after be in order of transformed executive preparation work, can enter transformed executive phase. Executive phase content presses time order cent to be: 7.

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Of 1 primary machine tool maintain in the round after classics of 　 　 machine tool is used for a long time, land of can different level is in the respect existence blemish such as mechanical, hydraulic pressure, lubricant, cleanness, want to undertake maintaining in the round above all so. Next, answer a machine tool to make the geometrical precision before changing, dimension precision measure, on record. Can have directive and referenced effect to transforming the job already so, can make comparative analysis use when transforming an end again. 7.

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If be made to electrical system,the electric part maximize of 2 reservation adjusts 　 　 local transform, answer reservation electric part undertakes maximize is adjusted maintaining mixing. If the spare parts of strong report part changes, of electric machinery maintain, the drying of transformer is isolated from, contaminative cleanness, of ventilated and cooling device clean, the maximize of servo actuating device is adjusted, of ageing wire cable newer, join close solid is waited a moment. Had done meticulous maximize to adjust the job to the electric part of reservation only, the machine tool after ability assures to transform has inferior fault rate. 7.

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3 primary systems dismantle 　 　 primary system demolish must contrast former blueprint, undertake carefully, number is made in time on blueprint, prevent to omit or tear open too (local transform the) below the circumstance. Also can discover in the process that tear open a few new systems design medium defective part, should seasonable complement and amend, tear open the system below and spare parts to answer classify, appropriate is custodial, in order to have in case do not transform a success or restore to use when local failure. Still have fair use value, can make spare parts of other machine tool use. Extravagant of avoid by all means, throw chaos to put in disorder. 7.

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New system of position of new system of 4 reasonable arrangement and ground of wiring 　 　 designs blueprint, reasonable undertake new system is configured, include casing fixed, face plate is put, circuit is moved toward and fixed, adjust yuan of parts of an apparatus the position, sealed reach necessary adornment to wait. The job that connect a line must divide the work clear, somebody checks examine, do not have even means of line technology standard, line suitably, correctly in order to ensure by accident, reliable and beautiful. 7.

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5 debug 　 　 must undertake by the move that defines beforehand and requirement. Debug personnel to answer cool-headed, record at any time, so that discovery is mixed,solve a problem. Sensitivity of safe protection system tries above all in debugging, prevent accident of person, equipment to happen. Debug the spot to must clear clean, without surplus goods; Each motion coordinate procrastinates board be in position of total travel center; Can carry a test for nothing, the to load after carrying for nothing first; Can of imitating test, first the fact after imitate is moved; Hotshot moves, after on the offensive is moved automatic. 7.

4, check and accept reach later period job to check and accept the job to should invite the personnel that concern to attend jointly, check and accept a standard to undertake by what already made. Transformed later period job is very main also, it is helpful for project technology level rise and make equipment as early as possible put into production. Check and accept reach later period job to include: 7.

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Function of machinery of 1 machine tool checks and accept 　 to 　 is repaired through machinery and be transformed and maintain in the round, each mechanical function of the machine tool should achieve a requirement, geometrical precision should be inside formulary limits. 7.

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Function of 2 electric control and control precision check and accept 　 　 electric pilot it is normal that each function must reach an action, acute and reliable. The function that controls itself of precision application system (if the pace enters dimension to wait) with standard metrological implement (wait like measuring instrument of laser interferometer, coordinate) contrast examination, reach precision range in. Still answer to make contrast with each function of the machine tool before transforming and precision at the same time, obtain quantified index difference. 7.

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Cutting of 3 test specimen checks and accept 　 　 to be able to consult to concern standard of test specimen of cutting of numerical control machine tool domestic and internationally, next undertaking trying cutting cooperate in personnel of qualified jockey, process designing. Test specimen cutting can check and accept contrail of force of machine tool stiffness, cutting, noise, motion, related action to wait, should not be commonly use product part to make test specimen use. 7.

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After 4 blueprint, data checks and accept 　 　 machine tool to be transformed, should seasonable blueprint (include graph of principle graph, configuration plan, hookup, echelon to wait) , data (include of all kinds manual) , transform archives (before including to transform, all sorts of records after) collect, arrange, deliver file. Those who carry a data is complete, effective, successive, of this pair of this equipment it is very important that stability will move henceforth. 7.

4.

5 summary, seasonable summary answers after rising to transform an end every time, be helpful for raising the vocational level of technical personnel already, the technology that also is helpful for whole industry progresses. 8, numerical control transforms 　 of 　 of 　 of a few example 8.

1, transform X53 milling machine with SIEMENS810M 1998, use system of drive of servo of system of numerical control of 810M of German Xi Menzi, 611A communication to be opposite axis of X of X53 milling machine, Y, Z3 undertakes numerical control transform; Roller silk rod is used on machinery, positive drive. Whole the work out that transforms the job to include program of mechanical design, electric design, PLC and debug the installation that reachs a machine tool and debug. 3 coordinate linkage achieved after milling machine is transformed, each axis achieves machine tool precision ± 0.

001mm, the treatment of product of achievable high accuracy. The connecting rod production that 3 coordinate CNC Milling reachs motor vehicle in SS8 engine machines the X53 after transforming in, reduced process, improved work efficiency, reduced labor intensity of the worker, raised the precision of connecting rod greatly especially. Also had crucial effect in the fittings treatment of 200Km car. This milling machine is transformed in whole numerical control in throw 200 thousand yuan, so far, its already exceeded 2 million yuan with indirect economic benefits directly. 8.

2, transform C6140 lathe into drive system with GSK980T and pace 1999, use Composite pace of GSK980T of homebred Guangzhou numerical control, DY3 to enter driving unit to undertake to two axes of C6140 lathe X, Z numerical control is transformed; Roller silk rod is used on machinery, synchronism takes drive. Whole the installation that transforms the job to include mechanical design, electric design, machine tool and debug. 8.

3, transform C6140 lathe with GSK980T and system of communication servo drive 2000, use unit of servo of GSK980T of homebred Guangzhou numerical control, DA98 communication to reach 4 worker worker two axes of the C6140 lathe X that automatic tool carrier distinguishs a works to electric machinery, Z undertake numerical control is transformed; Roller silk rod is used on machinery, synchronism takes drive. Whole the installation that transforms the job to include mechanical design, electric design, machine tool and debug. 8.

4, transform X53 milling machine with SIEMENS802S 2000, use system of numerical control of 802S of German Xi Menzi, pace to enter drive system to undertake numerical control transform to axis of X of X53 milling machine, Y, Z3; Roller silk rod is used on machinery, positive drive. Whole the installation that transforms the job to include mechanical design, electric design and machine tool and debug. In the manufacturing treatment that SS8 car and motor vehicle connecting rod already threw now after milling machine is transformed. 9, after numerical control transforms medium problem and 　 of 　 of proposal 　 　 to transform the job through the numerical control of a few machine tools, discover to a lot of problems also exist in the job, main show is in: It is departmental door, development personnel responsibility is not clear, the organization is troubled, severe double image rang to transform plan; 2 it is the working progress that make and plan just are made by experience mostly, not quite reasonable; 3 be relevant personnel groom the job did not reach the designated position, the technologist after bringing about a machine tool to transform won't personnel of process designing, operation handles the issue such as inexperience to the machine tool. Integrated above problem, have a few proposal: It is to build warehouse of natural resources of technology of domestic and international numerical control; 2 it is to foster a batch to apply and maintain staff of high quality; 3 it is to should pay attention to an user to use, the technology that maintains numerical control system grooms. CNC Milling